Integrative Single-Cell Analysis: Dissecting CD8+ Memory Cell Roles in LUAD and COVID-19 via eQTLs and Mendelian Randomization (preprint)

Lung adenocarcinoma exhibits high incidence and mortality rates, presenting a significant health concern. Concurrently, the COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a grave global public health challenge. Existing literature suggests that T cells, pivotal components of cellular immunity, are integral to both antiviral and antitumor responses. Yet, the nuanced alterations and consequent functions of T cells across diverse disease states have not been comprehensively elucidated.We gathered transcriptomic data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from lung adenocarcinoma patients, COVID-19 patients, and healthy controls. We followed a standardized analytical approach for quality assurance, batch effect adjustments, and preliminary data processing. We discerned distinct T cell subsets and conducted differential gene expression analysis. Potential key genes and pathways were inferred from GO and Pathway enrichment analyses. Additionally, we implemented Mendelian randomization to probe the potential links between pivotal genes and lung adenocarcinoma susceptibility.Our findings underscored a notable reduction in mature CD8+ central memory T cells in both lung adenocarcinoma and COVID-19 cohorts relative to the control group. Notably, the downregulation of specific genes, such as TRGV9, could impede the immunological efficacy of CD8+ T cells. Comprehensive multi-omics assessment highlighted genetic aberrations in genes, including TRGV9, correlating with heightened lung adenocarcinoma risk.Through rigorous single-cell transcriptomic analyses, this investigation meticulously delineated variations in T cell subsets across different pathological states and extrapolated key regulatory genes via an integrated multi-omics approach, establishing a robust groundwork for future functional inquiries. This study furnishes valuable perspectives into the etiology of multifaceted diseases and augments the progression of precision medicine.

Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for hemodialysis patients with COVID-19.

Background: Hemodialysis patients have a high risk of severe/critical COVID-19 and related high mortality, but nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is not recommended for hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 infection because of lack of evidence of safety. Objectives: Our study aims to evaluate the minimum plasma concentration (Cmin) of nirmatrelvir and its safety of different doses of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in hemodialysis patients with mild COVID-19. Method: This was a prospective, two step, nonrandomized, open-label study. Participants were treated with nirmatrelvir 150 mg or 300 mg once a day (another 75 mg or 150 mg supplied after hemodialysis) and ritonavir 100 mg twice daily for 5 days, respectively. The primary outcome was the safety of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, including the Cmin of nirmatrelvir and the number of adverse events (AE). The secondary outcome was the time of viral elimination in hemodialysis patients. Results: Adverse events were happened in 3 and 7 participants in the step 1 and step 2 group, respectively (p = 0.025). Among them, 2 and 6 participants were identified as drug-related adverse events (p = 0.054). No SAE or liver function damage happened. The Cmin of nirmatrelvir in step 1 and step 2 group were 5,294.65 ± 2,370.59 ng/mL and 7,675.67 ± 2,745.22 ng/mL (p = 0.125). The Cmin of the control group was 2,274.10 ± 1,347.25 ng/mL (p = 0.001 compared to step 2 and p = 0.059 compared to step 1). Compared to hemodialysis patients without nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, there were no statistical differences in overall viral elimination time (p = 0.232). Conclusion: In our study, two doses of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir appeared to be excessive for hemodialysis patients. Although all of the patients tolerated 5-day administration, nearly half of the patients experienced drug-related adverse events. In addition, the medication group did not show a significant advantage in the time of viral elimination.

Family functioning and resilience in children in mainland China: life satisfaction as a mediator.

Introduction: Grounded in the perspective of "Positive Youth Development" (PYD), resilience is an important developmental asset shaping human development. Although many studies have examined the impact of resilience on child developmental outcomes, relatively few studies have focused on the predictors of resilience, in particular familial antecedents of resilience in Chinese children and adolescents. In addition, the degree to which life satisfaction contributes to the mechanism by which family functioning impacts the development of children's resilience over time needs to be clarified. Besides, there is a scarcity of studies that incorporate family functioning, resilience as well as life satisfaction in a single comprehensive investigation to analyze the mediating impact of life satisfaction on the linkage between family functioning and resilience under COVID-19. Methods: The study investigated the predictive role of family functioning on resilience as well as the mediating effect of life satisfaction within the context of COVID-19, using data gathered in two waves before the onset of the pandemic and after the resumption of school during the pandemic, with 6 months apart. We employed the 33-item "Chinese Family Assessment Instrument" to evaluate family functioning, the 7-item "Chinese Resilience Scale" to assess resilience, and the "Satisfaction with Life Scale" with 5 items to measure life satisfaction. Results: As per the responses of 4,783 students in Grades 4 through 7 recruited in Sichuan, China, family functioning significantly predicted resilience concurrently and longitudinally. After controlling for resilience scores in Wave 1, results demonstrated that family functioning examined in Wave 1 predicted an increase in resilience reported in Wave 2. In addition, family functioning significantly predicted life satisfaction, which also significantly predicted resilience. Multiple regression using PROCESS analyses indicated that life satisfaction mediated the predictive relationship between family functioning and child resilience. Discussion: The findings spotlight the significant involvement of family functioning as well as life satisfaction in shaping children's resilience in the Chinese context. The study also supports the hypothesis that perceived satisfaction with life serves as a mediator between family functioning and child resilience, suggesting interventions and support should concentrate on the family level for enhancing resilience in children.

Personality traits predict the effects of Internet and academic self-efficacy on practical performance anxiety in online learning under the COVID-19 lockdown

Due to COVID-19, the primary teaching method has changed from traditional face-to-face teaching to online teaching. The present study explored the correlates between two personality traits, Neuroticism and Extraversion, and two types of self-efficacy, Internet self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy, on practical performance anxiety. Data from 273 technical college students were collected. Structural equation modeling analysis was performed. Results show that Neuroticism and Extraversion can predict students' practical performance anxiety through Internet and academic self-efficacy. Moreover, Neuroticism can negatively predict Internet and academic self-efficacy. Extraversion can positively predict Internet and academic self-efficacy. The two types of self-efficacy can positively predict practical performance anxiety. According to the results, it seems necessary to reduce students' practical performance anxiety by paying attention to their personality features and their self-efficacy. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Research on Technology in Education is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Traditional media or social media? Corporate green media communication and consumer intention to cocreate green value in post-COVID-19 China

PurposeThis study investigated whether there are differences in the effects of green traditional media communication (GTMC) and green social media communication on consumers' intention to cocreate green value (ICGV) in post-COVID-19 China. The authors further tested the chain mediating role of cocreation efficacy and cocreation outcome expectation and the moderating role of perceived CSR image.Design/methodology/approachUsing a survey, we collected a dataset of 683 consumers through stratified random sampling in main shopping malls in four Chinese cities. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the conceptual framework and hypotheses, and bootstrapping was used to estimate the mediated standardized regression coefficients. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the moderating effect.FindingsGTMC, firm-created content (FCC), and user-generated content (UGC) all had positive effects on ICGV. Cocreation efficacy and cocreation outcome expectation had a chain mediation effect in GTMC and ICGV, UGC, and ICGV. Perceived CSR image positively moderated the effects of both GTMC and FCC on ICGV. However, perceived CSR image did not significantly moderate the relationship between UGC and ICGV.Originality/valueThis study contributes to our understanding of the effect of green media communication on consumers' ICGV in post-COVID-19 China. It also develops the concepts of cocreation efficacy and cocreation outcome expectation. Moreover, analyzing the chain mediating role of cocreation efficacy and cocreation outcome expectation in green media communication and ICGV extends social cognitive theory to the context of green value cocreation. Finally, examining the moderating role of perceived CSR image provides a basis for understanding the boundary conditions of green media communication's effect on ICGV.

Age-related rhesus macaque models of COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, an outbreak of the Corona Virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, has become a public health emergency of international concern. The high fatality of aged cases caused by SARS-CoV-2 was a need to explore the possible age-related phenomena with non-human primate models. METHODS: Three 3-5 years old and two 15 years old rhesus macaques were intratracheally infected with SARS-CoV-2, and then analyzed by clinical signs, viral replication, chest X-ray, histopathological changes and immune response. RESULTS: Viral replication of nasopharyngeal swabs, anal swabs and lung in old monkeys was more active than that in young monkeys for 14 days after SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Monkeys developed typical interstitial pneumonia characterized by thickened alveolar septum accompanied with inflammation and edema, notably, old monkeys exhibited diffuse severe interstitial pneumonia. Viral antigens were detected mainly in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages. CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 caused more severe interstitial pneumonia in old monkeys than that in young monkeys. Rhesus macaque models infected with SARS-CoV-2 provided insight into the pathogenic mechanism and facilitated the development of vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The longitudinal association between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and related prevention policies, such as home quarantine or online courses, could increase the risks of experiencing internet addiction and mental health problems among Chinese adolescents. There is a lack of longitudinal evidence to show the association between internet addiction symptoms and psychological consequences (e.g., depressive and anxiety symptoms). Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: An effective sample of 7,958 Chinese adolescents was recruited for this two-wave longitudinal survey conducted over a six-month interval. All participants completed two-wave surveys before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal cross-lagged path model was used to analyze the associations between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms after controlling for four covariates (i.e., age, sex, minority, and COVID-19 influence). Results: Higher depressive and anxiety symptoms before COVID-19 significantly predicted severe internet addiction during COVID-19. Results showed a significant bidirectional relationship between internet addiction and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the prevalence of internet addiction displayed an increasing trend over the two waves. Conversely, a reduced prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was observed over the two waves. Conclusion: This current study provided valuable evidence that psychological problems and internet addiction significantly influenced each other before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Consequently, the presence of psychological problems before and during the COVID-19 outbreak could indicate internet addiction. Thus, depression- and anxiety-related psychotherapies should be developed to prevent internet addiction among Chinese adolescents.

Associations between adolescents' empathy and prosocial attributes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a formative period of social development. Adolescents have experienced considerable changes in their lives due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a longitudinal study to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents' prosocial attributes and empathy, as well as their longitudinal bilateral relationships. METHODS: A total of 2,510 students from five junior schools in Sichuan Province were recruited via random cluster sampling. Data were collected in December 2019 (Wave 1, before the outbreak of the pandemic) and July 2020 (Wave 2, during the pandemic) in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Prosocial attributes and empathy were measured with the Positive Youth Development Scale (GPYDS) subscale and Chinese Empathy Scale, respectively. RESULTS: During the pandemic, both empathy and prosocial attributes decreased significantly from 49.89 (9.12) and 49.89 (8.80) before to 48.29 (8.72) and 49.39 (9.26) (p < 0.001), respectively. A higher level of empathy at Wave 1 significantly predicted higher prosocial attributes at Wave 2 (ß = 0.173, SE = 0.021, t = 8.430, p < 0.001). A lower prosocial attributes score predicted a significantly lower empathy score from Wave 1 to Wave 2 (ß = 0.100, SE = 0.021, t = 4,884, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on adolescents' empathy and prosocial attributes. Special attention should be given to these two longitudinally associated factors in any social crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, considering their importance for adolescents' physical, mental, and social development.

[Effect of Family Environment on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Middle School Students During the COVID-19 Epidemic: The Mediating Role of Depression].

Objective: To study the current status of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) incidents among middle school students in Chengdu during the COVID-19 epidemic and to explore the mechanism of action of depression on the relationship between family environment and NSSI. Methods: Data were obtained from the Chengdu Positive Child Development (CDPD) cohort. In June and July 2020, after primary and secondary schools were reopened after the closure due to the COVID-19 epidemic, on-site questionnaire surveys were conducted with the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI), the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument (C-FAI), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC), thereby obtaining the data of 3595 middle school students. Two-sample t-test and χ 2 test were used to compare the incidence of NSSI among middle school students of different grades and genders, and the Model 58 test of the SPSS PROCESS component was used to analyze the mediating effect of gender-mediated depression. Results: 1) The incidence of NSSI among middle school students in Chengdu during the COVID-19 epidemic was 49.67%. The incidence of NSSI among ninth-graders (80.70%) was significantly higher than those of the eighth graders (33.82%) and seventh graders (32.32%), and the incidence of NSSI among female middle school students (54.75%) was significantly higher than that of male students (44.52%). 2) Family environment ( r=0.34, P<0.001) and depression ( r=0.50, P<0.001) were positively correlated with NSSI. 3) Depression partially mediated the effect of family environment on NSSI, with the mediating effect accounting for 64.64% of the total effect. Compared with that of male students, the positive predictive effect between family environment and depression and that between depression and NSSI in female middle school students were more significant. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, middle school students in Chengdu had a high incidence of NSSI, which indicates that the family environment should be improved, more attention should be given to gender differences, and early screening and intervention for depression should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of NSSI.

Review of animal transmission experiments of respiratory viruses: Implications for transmission risk of SARS-COV-2 in humans via different routes.

Exploring transmission risk of different routes has major implications for epidemic control. However, disciplinary boundaries have impeded the dissemination of epidemic information, have caused public panic about "air transmission," "air-conditioning transmission," and "environment-to-human transmission," and have triggered "hygiene theater." Animal experiments provide experimental evidence for virus transmission, but more attention is paid to whether transmission is driven by droplets or aerosols and using the dichotomy to describe most transmission events. Here, according to characteristics of experiment setups, combined with patterns of human social interactions, we reviewed and grouped animal transmission experiments into four categories-close contact, short-range, fomite, and aerosol exposure experiments-and provided enlightenment, with experimental evidence, on the transmission risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) in humans via different routes. When referring to "air transmission," context should be showed in elaboration results, rather than whether close contact, short or long range is uniformly described as "air transmission." Close contact and short range are the major routes. When face-to-face, unprotected, horizontally directional airflow does promote transmission, due to virus decay and dilution in air, the probability of "air conditioning transmission" is low; the risk of "environment-to-human transmission" highly relies on surface contamination and human behavior based on indirect path of "fomite-hand-mucosa or conjunctiva" and virus decay on surfaces. Thus, when discussing the transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2, we should comprehensively consider the biological basis of virus transmission, environmental conditions, and virus decay. Otherwise, risk of certain transmission routes, such as long-range and fomite transmission, will be overrated, causing public excessive panic, triggering ineffective actions, and wasting epidemic prevention resources.

The initial attempt at home hemodialysis in mainland China.

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown home hemodialysis (HHD) to be associated with better survival than facility hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Patients on HHD have reported higher quality of life and independence. HHD is considered to be an economical way to manage end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has had a significant impact on patients with ESKD. Patients on HHD may have an advantage over in-center HD patients because of a lower risk of exposure to infection. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: We enrolled HD patients from our dialysis center. We first established the HHD training center. The training center was approved by the Chinese government. Doctors, nurses and engineers train and assess patients separately. There are three forms of patient monitoring: home visits, internet remote monitoring, and outpatient services. Demographic and medical data included age, sex, blood pressure, and dialysis-related data. Laboratory tests were conducted in our central testing laboratory, including hemoglobin (Hgb), serum creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), albumin (Alb), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. RESULTS: Six patients who underwent regular dialysis in the HD center of our hospital were selected for HHD training. We enrolled 6 patients, including 4 males and 2 females. The mean age of the patients was 47.5 (34.7-55.7) years, and the mean dialysis age was 33.5 (11.2-41.5) months. After an average of 16.0 (11.2-25.5) months of training, Alb, P and BNP levels were improved compared with the baseline values. After training, three patients returned home to begin independent HD. During the follow-up, there were no serious adverse events leading to hospitalization or death, but there were several adverse events. They were solved quickly by extra home visits of the technicians or online by remote monitoring. During the follow-up time, the laboratory indicators of all the patients, including Hgb, Alb, Ca, P, PTH, BNP, and ß2-MG levels, remained stable before and after HHD treatment. CONCLUSION: HHD is feasible and safe for ESKD in China, but larger-scale and longer-term studies are needed for further confirmation.

Effectiveness and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Malignant Disease.

A novel virus named SARS-CoV-2 has caused a worldwide pandemic, resulting in a disastrous impact to the public health since 2019. The disease is much more lethal among patients with malignant disease. Vaccination plays an important role in the prevention of infection and subsequent severe COVID-19. However, the efficacy and safety of vaccines for cancer patients needs further investigation. Encouragingly, there have been important findings deduced from research so far. In this review, an overview of the immunogenicity, effectiveness, and safeness of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer to date is to be shown. We also highlight important questions to consider and directions that could be followed in future research.

How do temperature, humidity, and air saturation state affect the COVID-19 transmission risk?

Environmental parameters have a significant impact on the spread of respiratory viral diseases (temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), and air saturation state). T and RH are strongly correlated with viral inactivation in the air, whereas supersaturated air can promote droplet deposition in the respiratory tract. This study introduces a new concept, the dynamic virus deposition ratio (α), that reflects the dynamic changes in viral inactivation and droplet deposition under varying ambient environments. A non-steady-state-modified Wells-Riley model is established to predict the infection risk of shared air space and highlight the high-risk environmental conditions. Findings reveal that a rise in T would significantly reduce the transmission of COVID-19 in the cold season, while the effect is not significant in the hot season. The infection risk under low-T and high-RH conditions, such as the frozen seafood market, is substantially underestimated, which should be taken seriously. The study encourages selected containment measures against high-risk environmental conditions and cross-discipline management in the public health crisis based on meteorology, government, and medical research.

Children and adolescents' positive youth development qualities and internet addiction during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study in China.

Backgrounds: Recent studies have shown that the qualities of children and adolescents' positive youth development (PYD) enable them to cope with developmental challenges in an adaptive manner and maintain healthy functioning. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is still a lack of reporting on changes in children and adolescents' PYD qualities and Internet addiction and their relationship. This study investigated the association between PYD qualities and Internet addiction among the children and adolescents who have experienced the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: A school-based cohort survey was launched in December 2019 (Wave 1, before COVID-19 lockdown) and followed up in June 2020 (Wave 2, after COVID-19 lockdown). The Chinese PYD scale (80 items, scoring 80-480) and Young's Internet addiction test (20 items, scoring 20-100) were used to evaluate the children and adolescents' PYD qualities and the degree of their Internet addiction, respectively. Cross-sectional regressions, longitudinal regressions, and cross-lagged panel model were used to examine the association between PYD qualities and Internet addiction. Results: 7,985 children and adolescents completed both waves of surveys. Compared with children and adolescents before lockdown (Wave 1), their total PYD quality dropped from 4.99 to 4.96 after COVID-19 lockdown (Wave 2), and the mean score for Internet addiction rose from 35.56 to 36.16. Cross-sectional analysis showed that after controlling for basic characteristics such as age and gender, the total PYD quality of children and adolescents in two waves was negatively correlated with the degree of Internet addiction during the same period, with ß of -6.10 and -6.95, respectively. Longitudinal analysis showed that after controlling for basic characteristics, children and adolescents' total PYD quality in Wave 1 was negatively correlated with the Wave 2 of Internet addiction and the change between the two waves of Internet addiction, with ß of -3.35 and -0.26, respectively. Cross-lagged panel models showed a negative bilateral relationship between total PYD quality and Internet addiction. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the qualities of children and adolescents' PYD declined, which makes children and adolescents more vulnerable to Internet addiction. Therefore, it is necessary to widely implement programs in China that can comprehensively improve the qualities of children and adolescents' positive development to prevent Internet addiction, especially after the blockade due to public health emergencies.

Chinese adolescents' depression, anxiety, and family mutuality before and after COVID-19 lockdowns: Longitudinal cross-lagged relations.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal cross-lagged association between family mutuality, depression, and anxiety among Chinese adolescents before and after the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. Background: Limited attention has been paid to the longitudinal links between family mutuality, depression, and anxiety in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: We used self-administered questionnaires to collect data from three high schools and two middle schools in Chengdu City at two time points: Time 1 (T1), December 23, 2019-January 13, 2020; Time 2 (T2), June 16-July 8, 2020. The sample consisted of 7,958 participants who completed two wave surveys before and after the COVID-19 lockdown. We analyzed the data using cross-lagged structural equation modeling. Results: The longitudinal cross-lagged model showed family mutuality at T1 significantly predicted depression, anxiety, and family mutuality at T2. We observed a decreasing prevalence of depression and anxiety after the COVID-19 lockdown. Conclusion: Family mutuality plays an important role in mitigating long-term mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety. More family-centered psychological interventions could be developed to alleviate mental health disorders during lockdowns. Implications: Improving family mutuality (e.g., mutual support, interaction, and caring among family members) could be beneficial for reducing mental health disorders among Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The longitudinal association between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background The COVID-19 pandemic and related prevention policies, such as home quarantine or online courses, could increase the risks of experiencing internet addiction and mental health problems among Chinese adolescents. There is a lack of longitudinal evidence to show the association between internet addiction symptoms and psychological consequences (e.g., depressive and anxiety symptoms). Objective This study aimed to explore the association between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods An effective sample of 7,958 Chinese adolescents was recruited for this two-wave longitudinal survey conducted over a six-month interval. All participants completed two-wave surveys before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal cross-lagged path model was used to analyze the associations between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms after controlling for four covariates (i.e., age, sex, minority, and COVID-19 influence). Results Higher depressive and anxiety symptoms before COVID-19 significantly predicted severe internet addiction during COVID-19. Results showed a significant bidirectional relationship between internet addiction and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the prevalence of internet addiction displayed an increasing trend over the two waves. Conversely, a reduced prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was observed over the two waves. Conclusion This current study provided valuable evidence that psychological problems and internet addiction significantly influenced each other before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Consequently, the presence of psychological problems before and during the COVID-19 outbreak could indicate internet addiction. Thus, depression- and anxiety-related psychotherapies should be developed to prevent internet addiction among Chinese adolescents.

External quality assessment of nucleic acid testing in provincial or municipal CDC laboratories in the COVID-19 surveillance network in China

Objective: To understand the RNA detection performance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern (VOCs) in 32 provincial or municipal CDC laboratories in COVID-19 surveillance network in China through an external quality assessment (EQA), and evaluate the clinical performance of the current SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids detection kits used and provided by the participating laboratories.

Career Adaptability as a Strategy to Improve Sustainable Employment: A Proactive Personality Perspective

Reaching full employment and reducing the unemployment rate is one of the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) issued by the United Nations to face COVID-19 and the complex global economic situation. Although governments, society, and organizations have made efforts towards SDGs, how employees exert their subjective initiative and enhance their career adaptability is fundamental to solve the employment issue. How to enhance employees’ career adaptability to strengthen their psychological ability to face career changes is the guarantee of sustainable employment. In the light of the main force role and the unique characteristics of the new generation of employees in the workplace, this study aims to explore the relation between a proactive personality and career adaptability. According to the career construction theory, this study constructed a moderated mediation model to test the effect of a proactive personality on career adaptability through career identity and thriving at work, and the moderating role of task interdependence. Surveying 285 new-generation employees in China, this research found that a proactive personality had a significant positive impact on career adaptability, and that career identity and thriving at work mediate the relation. Task interdependence moderated this relation. Our findings extend the research of career construction theory on individual factors and contextual factors, and offer insights into enhancing the sustainability of human resource management and supporting sustainable economic development.

Effects of electromagnetic waves on pathogenic viruses and relevant mechanisms: a review.

Pathogenic viral infections have become a serious public health issue worldwide. Viruses can infect all cell-based organisms and cause varying injuries and damage, resulting in diseases or even death. With the prevalence of highly pathogenic viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it is urgent to develop efficient and safe approaches to inactivate pathogenic viruses. Traditional methods of inactivating pathogenic viruses are practical but have several limitations. Electromagnetic waves, with high penetration capacity, physical resonance, and non-contamination, have emerged as a potential strategy to inactivate pathogenic viruses and have attracted increasing attention. This paper reviews the recent literature on the effects of electromagnetic waves on pathogenic viruses and their mechanisms, as well as promising applications of electromagnetic waves to inactivate pathogenic viruses, to provide new ideas and methods for this inactivation.

Factors associated with neutralizing antibody levels induced by two inactivated COVID-19 vaccines for 12 months after primary series vaccination.

Background: BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac inactivated COVID-19 vaccines are widely-used, World Health Organization-emergency-listed vaccines. Understanding antibody level changes over time after vaccination is important for booster dose policies. We evaluated neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers and associated factors for the first 12 months after primary-series vaccination with BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac. Methods: Our study consisted of a set of cross-sectional sero-surveys in Zhejiang and Shanxi provinces, China. In 2021, we enrolled 1,527 consenting 18-59-year-olds who received two doses of BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac 1, 3, 6, 9, or 12 months earlier and obtained blood samples and demographic and medical data. We obtained 6-month convalescent sera from 62 individuals in Hebei province. Serum nAb titers were measured by standard micro-neutralization cytopathic effect assay in Vero cells with ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain HB01. We used the first WHO International Standard (IS) for anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (NIBSC code 20/136) to standardized geometric mean concentrations (IU/mL) derived from the nAb geometric mean titers (GMT over 1:4 was considered seropositive). We analyzed nAb titer trends using Chi-square and factors related to nAb titers with logistic regression and linear models. Results: Numbers of subjects in each of the five month-groupings ranged from 100 to 200 for each vaccine and met group-specific target sample sizes. Seropositivity rates from BBIBP-CorV were 98.0% at 1 month and 53.5% at 12 months, and GMTs were 25.0 and 4.0. Respective seropositivity rates from CoronaVac were 90.0% and 62.5%, and GMTs were 20.2 and 4.1. One-, three-, six-, nine-, and twelve-month GMCs were 217.2, 84.1, 85.7, 44.6, and 10.9 IU/mL in BBIBP-CorV recipients and 195.7, 94.6, 51.7, 27.6, and 13.4 IU/mL in CoronaVac recipients. Six-month convalescent seropositivity was 95.2%; GMC was 108.9 IU/mL. Seropositivity and GMCs were associated with age, sex, and time since vaccination. Conclusions: Neutralizing Ab levels against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 from BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac vaccination were similar and decreased with increasing time since vaccination; over half of 12-month post-vaccination subjects were seropositive. Seropositivity and GMCs from BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac six and nine months after vaccination were similar to or slightly lower than in six-month convalescent sera. These real-world data suggest necessity of six-month booster doses.